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Top surgery is a gender affirming procedure to reshape the chest, such as mastectomy (for masculinizing) or breast augmentation (for feminizing).
Gender affirming surgery is rare among minors. In 2019, only 2.1 per 100,000 teens aged 15 to 17 had this type of procedure.
Teens must meet strict criteria: persistent gender dysphoria, thorough mental health checks, and sufficient physical development.
Psychological evaluation assesses the minor's mental state, support system, and understanding of the procedure's long term implications.
A multidisciplinary team of pediatricians, endocrinologists, psychologists, and surgeons conducts the comprehensive assessment process.
Research shows that gender affirming surgery significantly improves mental health outcomes, reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Consent requirements vary by state. Many jurisdictions require parental consent, though some consider "mature minor" doctrines for decision making.