Explore the treatment options for Cerebrovascular Disease at Liv Hospital, from medication and surgery to comprehensive rehabilitation for recovery.
Send us all your questions or requests, and our expert team will assist you.
For ischemic disease caused by carotid stenosis, the goal is to reopen the vessel before it closes completely. Carotid Endarterectomy (CEA) is a surgery where the artery is opened and the plaque is physically scraped out. It is highly effective for symptomatic severe stenosis.
Carotid Artery Stenting (CAS) is a less invasive alternative. A catheter is used to place a metal mesh tube (stent) into the artery to hold it open. This is preferred for patients who are high risk for open surgery. Both procedures carry a small risk of causing a stroke during the operation, so patient selection is critical.
In the event of an acute ischemic stroke, time is brain. Intravenous Thrombolysis (tPA/TNK) is a clot busting drug that can dissolve the obstruction if given within 4.5 hours. However, for large clots, medication is often not enough.
Mechanical Thrombectomy is the standard of care for Large Vessel Occlusions. A neurointerventionalist uses a catheter to navigate up to the brain and physically pull the clot out using a stent retriever or suction device. This procedure drastically reduces disability and mortality if performed quickly.
For unruptured aneurysms, the decision to treat involves balancing the risk of rupture against the risk of surgery. Endovascular Coiling involves filling the aneurysm with platinum coils via a catheter, causing it to clot off and seal. Flow Diverters are stents that direct blood flow away from the aneurysm neck, allowing it to heal.
Surgical Clipping requires opening the skull (craniotomy) and placing a metal clip across the neck of the aneurysm to exclude it from circulation. AVMs are treated with a combination of embolization (glue), microsurgical resection, and stereotactic radiosurgery (focused radiation) to obliterate the abnormal vessels.
Medical therapy is the foundation for all patients. Antiplatelet agents (Aspirin, Clopidogrel) prevent clots from forming on plaques. Anticoagulants (Warfarin, Apixaban) are used for heart related clots (Afib). High intensity statins stabilize plaque and lower cholesterol.
Blood pressure management is paramount. Antihypertensives (ACE inhibitors, diuretics) are used to reach strict targets. For diabetic patients, newer agents like GLP 1 agonists have shown specific benefits in reducing stroke risk beyond just sugar control. Lifestyle modification (diet, exercise) is prescribed as a medical intervention.
Recovery from cerebrovascular injury relies on neuroplasticity—the brain’s ability to rewire itself. Rehabilitation must be early, intense, and task specific. Physical Therapy (PT) focuses on mobility and gait. Occupational Therapy (OT) focuses on daily living skills and hand function.
Speech Language Pathology (SLP) treats aphasia and swallowing disorders. Cognitive rehabilitation helps with memory and executive function. Novel therapies like mirror therapy, robotics, and non invasive brain stimulation are used to enhance the brain’s remodeling process.
Send us all your questions or requests, and our expert team will assist you.
Clipping requires open brain surgery to place a clamp on the aneurysm from the outside; coiling is a minimally invasive procedure done through the blood vessels to fill the aneurysm from the inside.
Yes, once a stent is placed in the carotid artery or brain, the body’s tissue grows over it, and it remains there permanently to keep the vessel open.
Aspirin makes blood platelets less sticky, preventing them from clumping together on rough plaque surfaces to form the clots that cause strokes.
Usually yes, moderate exercise is healthy, but you should discuss heavy weightlifting or extreme exertion with your doctor, as spikes in blood pressure could theoretically stress the aneurysm.
The most rapid recovery happens in the first 3 to 6 months, but improvements can continue for years with dedicated practice; it is a marathon, not a sprint.
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