Pituitary Diseases and Surgery

Pituitary; It is an endocrine gland weighing approximately 0.5 grams located in the lower part of the brain and secreting various hormones. Endocrine glands produce various hormones and secrete them into circulation, stimulating target organs in other parts of the body and ensuring their function.

What are Pituitary Diseases and Surgery?

Conditions such as dysfunctions of the pituitary gland or pituitary tumors can lead to pituitary diseases. The normal function of the pituitary gland is to regulate a number of important processes such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, thyroid functions and the activities of the adrenal glands. Pituitary diseases can often cause hormonal imbalances and other systemic effects.

What are Pituitary Diseases?

Pituitary diseases refer to abnormal conditions in the pituitary gland. These diseases can often cause imbalances in hormone production and lead to a variety of symptoms. Here are some common pituitary diseases:

Prolactinoma: This is the overproduction of prolactin hormone due to a tumor in the pituitary gland. Prolactinoma can cause symptoms such as menstrual irregularities, galactorrhea, fatigue and headaches.

Acromegaly: A condition that occurs when a tumor in the pituitary gland increases the production of growth hormone (GH). It is characterized by excessive growth and expansion of bones, cartilage and internal organs in adults.

Cushing Syndrome: It is a condition that occurs when adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is secreted excessively or there is a tumor in the pituitary. This condition causes excess cortisol production in the body and can lead to Cushing’s syndrome.

Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism: In cases where thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), which regulates the function of the thyroid gland, is not regulated by the pituitary, it may cause imbalances in thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones may be low in hypothyroidism and high in hyperthyroidism.

Pituitary Apoplexy: This condition occurs as a result of sudden bleeding or damage from a tumor in the pituitary gland. This condition may require immediate medical attention and symptoms may include severe headaches, vision loss and hormonal imbalances.