Pulmonology focuses on diagnosing and treating lung and airway conditions such as asthma, COPD, and pneumonia, as well as overall respiratory health.
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Pulmonary edema symptoms can appear suddenly (acute) or develop slowly over time (chronic), depending on the cause. The main sign is trouble breathing, which shows the lungs are not getting enough oxygen into the blood. As fluid fills the air sacs, there is less space for gas exchange, making people feel short of breath or like they are drowning. At Liv Hospital, we first check if the symptoms are acute or chronic to decide how urgent the situation is.
This form is a medical emergency. Symptoms start quickly and get worse fast.
When fluid builds up slowly, the body tries to adjust, so the symptoms are milder.
The heart and lungs work closely together, and heart problems are the most common reason for fluid in the lungs.
Non-cardiac factors can directly damage the lungs or change the pressures that control fluid movement.
Other diseases in the body can also make lung problems worse.
Some medical treatments can increase the risk of pulmonary edema.
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CT scans use X-rays to create detailed cross-sectional images and are excellent for visualizing kidney stones, detecting tumors, and evaluating traumatic injuries. They are fast and widely available. MRI uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of soft tissues, making it superior for staging prostate cancer, evaluating bladder wall invasion, and assessing pelvic floor disorders without ionizing radiation.
Contrast dye, usually iodine-based, is injected into a vein to highlight the blood vessels and urinary tract organs. As the kidneys filter the dye from the blood, it opacifies the urine. This allows the radiologist to see the internal structure of the kidneys, the ureters, and the bladder clearly, revealing blockages, tumors, or structural abnormalities that would be invisible on a non-contrast scan.
Multiparametric MRI is an advanced imaging technique that combines standard anatomical sequences with functional sequences like Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced imaging. This provides a comprehensive assessment of the prostate, allowing doctors to distinguish between benign conditions like BPH and significant prostate cancer, and to guide targeted biopsies.
CT scans do involve exposure to ionizing radiation, which carries a small theoretical risk of cellular damage over time. However, modern CT scanners use dose-modulation technology to minimize this exposure to the lowest level necessary for a diagnostic image. The benefit of an accurate and timely diagnosis for serious urological conditions typically far outweighs the minimal risk of radiation.
Many modern orthopedic implants are MRI-safe, although they may cause some image distortion. However, older pacemakers, defibrillators, and certain metal clips may be unsafe in the strong magnetic field. It is critical to inform the imaging team of any metallic implants so they can verify their safety compatibility or recommend an alternative test like a CT scan.
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