Learn ear nose and throat basics, ENT conditions, and medical definitions explained by specialists.

Otorhinolaryngology focuses on the ear, nose, and throat. Learn about the diagnosis and treatment of hearing loss, sinusitis, tonsillitis, and voice disorders.

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Overview and Definition

Advanced Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery

The head and neck region contains the most vital sensory organs in the human body. It is how we hear, smell, taste, speak, and breathe. When these functions are compromised, life loses its vibrancy. Otorhinolaryngology, commonly known as ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat), is the oldest medical specialty in the United States, yet today it stands at the forefront of surgical innovation.

At Liv Hospital, we have redefined the standard of ENT care. We are not just a clinic for treating common infections; we are a comprehensive Head and Neck Surgery Center. Our department combines the precision of high-tech robotics with the artistry of facial plastic surgery and the intricate microsurgery of the inner ear. Whether you are an opera singer facing vocal cord issues, a child needing a bionic ear (cochlear implant) to hear their mother’s voice, or a patient seeking a nose that looks beautiful and breathes perfectly, Liv Hospital provides a multidisciplinary home for your care.

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What is Otorhinolaryngology?

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Many patients underestimate the scope of an ENT specialist. While we treat sore throats and earaches, an Otorhinolaryngologist is a highly trained surgeon who manages complex diseases of the head and neck (excluding the brain and eyes).

At Liv Hospital, our specialists are sub-specialized. This means your sinus surgery is performed by a Rhinologist, your cancer surgery by a Head & Neck Oncologist, and your ear surgery by an Otologist. This “super-specialization” ensures that you are treated by a doctor who dedicates their entire career to that specific organ system, resulting in higher success rates and fewer complications.

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Our Department Covers Seven Key Areas:

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  1. Otology & Neurotology: Diseases of the ear, hearing, and balance.
  2. Rhinology: Diseases of the nose and sinuses.
  3. Laryngology: Disorders of the throat, voice, and swallowing.
  4. Head and Neck Surgery: Tumors (benign and malignant) of the thyroid, parathyroid, and salivary glands.
  5. Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: Cosmetic and functional surgery of the face and neck.
  6. Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology: ENT conditions in children, including congenital defects.
  7. Sleep Medicine: Surgical treatment of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea.

Specialized Units: A Multidisciplinary Approach

Because the head and neck are so compact—with nerves, blood vessels, and senses packed into a small space—collaboration is key.

1. Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery Unit

This unit focuses on the “air conditioning system” of the body. Chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, and deviated septums are treated here.

  • Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery: Working with neurosurgeons, our ENT team can remove tumors located at the base of the brain through the nose, avoiding the need for open brain surgery and leaving no external scars.

2. The Hearing and Balance Center (Otology)

Hearing loss isolates people. Our center is a beacon of hope for those with profound deafness.

  • Cochlear Implants (The Bionic Ear): Liv Hospital is a reference center for cochlear implantation. We don’t just implant the device; our audiologists provide lifelong mapping and rehabilitation to help patients interpret the new electronic signals as sound.
  • Vertigo Lab: Dizziness is debilitating. We use advanced VNG (Videonystagmography) testing to differentiate between inner ear crystals (BPPV) and neurological issues.

3. Voice and Swallowing Disorders Unit

For professional voice users (teachers, singers, lawyers), a raspy voice is a career-threatening injury.

  • Videostroboscopy: We use a specialized slow-motion camera to visualize the vibration of the vocal cords, detecting tiny nodules or polyps that standard exams miss.
  • Laser Phonomicrosurgery: Using CO2 lasers, we can remove these lesions with extreme precision, preserving the delicate healthy tissue that allows for singing and clear speech.

4. Head and Neck Oncology Unit

A diagnosis of cancer in the tongue, throat, or thyroid is terrifying. Our approach is “Function Preservation.” We aim to remove the cancer while saving the patient’s ability to speak and swallow.

  • Tumor Council: Every cancer case is reviewed by a board of surgeons, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists to determine the best sequence of treatment.
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The Technological Edge: Robotics and Navigation

ENT surgery is a game of millimeters. Being 1mm off in the sinus can damage the eye; 1mm off in the ear can cause facial paralysis. To eliminate this margin of error, Liv Hospital invests in the world’s most advanced surgical guidance systems.

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Prof. MD. Abdulkadir Özgür Prof. MD. Abdulkadir Özgür Ear nose throat Overview and Definition
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Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS)

Liv Hospital is one of the few centers in the region utilizing the da Vinci Robotic System for throat cancer and sleep apnea.

  • The Old Way: Removing a tumor from the base of the tongue often required splitting the patient’s jawbone open (mandibulotomy), leading to a long, painful recovery and visible scarring.
  • The Robotic Way: The da Vinci robot’s tiny arms enter through the open mouth. The surgeon controls them from a console with 3D high-definition vision.
  • The Benefit: No external scars, no broken jaw, faster return to eating, and shorter hospital stay.

Surgical Navigation (The "GPS" for Sinuses)

The sinuses are a maze of air pockets surrounded by the brain and eyes. During Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS), we use a Navigation System.

  • How it works: Before surgery, your CT scan is uploaded to the system. During surgery, sensors on the instruments track their position in real-time on the CT map.
  • Why it matters: It allows the surgeon to clean out disease aggressively from dangerous corners without risking injury to the optic nerve or brain base.
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Functional Rhinoplasty: Where Form Meets Function

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Turkey is the “Rhinoplasty Capital of the World,” but Liv Hospital approaches nose surgery differently. We believe that a nose that looks good but cannot breathe is a failure.

  • The “Ent-esthetic” Approach: While plastic surgeons focus heavily on the external shape, our ENT surgeons are masters of the internal airway.
  • Septorhinoplasty: We almost always combine aesthetic reshaping (Rhinoplasty) with functional correction (Septoplasty). We straighten the deviated septum and shrink the turbinates (concha) in the same session.
  • The Result: You get the cosmetic profile you want, but you also wake up with an airway that functions better than it ever has. We specialize in correcting the “collapsed valves” often seen in patients who had aggressive cosmetic nose jobs elsewhere.

Sleep Apnea Surgery

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a serious condition that strains the heart. While CPAP masks are the gold standard, many patients cannot tolerate them.

  • Sleep Endoscopy: We put the patient into a drug-induced sleep in the operating room and use a camera to see exactly where the collapse is happening (nose, palate, or tongue base).
  • Customized Surgery: Based on this “roadmap,” we perform targeted surgery—such as stiffening the soft palate or reducing the tongue base with a robot—to open the airway permanently.

Why Choose Liv Hospital for Your ENT Care?

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Traveling for medical care requires trust. Here is why thousands of international patients choose Liv Hospital for their head and neck needs:

  1. JCI Accreditation: We adhere to the strictest American safety standards for infection control and patient safety.
  2. Complex Case Management: We are a tertiary referral center. We often treat patients who have had failed surgeries elsewhere (revision sinus surgery, revision rhinoplasty).
  3. No “Language Barrier”: Our international team ensures that you can communicate your symptoms—like “ringing in the ears” or “lump in the throat”—clearly in your native language.
  4. All-Inclusive Packages: From your airport pickup to your post-op hotel stay, we manage the logistics so you can focus on healing.

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With patients from across the globe, we bring over three decades of medical

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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

What conditions do these specialists treat?

They treat a wide range of conditions affecting the head and neck, including hearing loss, ear infections, sinusitis, tonsillitis, sleep apnea, voice disorders, and head and neck cancers.

While many insurance plans require a referral from a primary care physician, some allow patients to book appointments directly; it is best to check with your specific insurance provider.

An audiologist is a healthcare professional who specializes in diagnosing and treating hearing and balance issues non-surgically, while an otolaryngologist is a medical doctor who can provide both medical and surgical treatments for ear conditions.

No, surgery is typically considered only after medical treatments such as antibiotics, nasal steroids, and saline irrigation have failed to provide relief, or if there are structural issues, such as nasal polyps.

Yes, they are trained in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery and frequently repair facial fractures, lacerations, and other injuries to the face resulting from accidents or trauma.

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