Neurological issues can begin with numbness, tremors, or headaches. Learn to spot manageable symptoms versus urgent medical emergencies like a stroke.
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The nervous system controls nearly every function of the body, so symptoms can appear anywhere, from the head to the toes. In the early stages of many neurological conditions, symptoms may be intermittent or mild.
Recognising these changes in how you move, feel, or think is vital for early diagnosis and preventing long-term disability.
While some neurological conditions are chronic, others are acute emergencies. Immediate care is critical because “Time is Brain”; every minute of delay can result in the loss of millions of neurons.
Seek emergency medical care immediately if you experience the following, as they may indicate a Stroke, Brain Aneurysm, or Severe Infection:
Many neurological conditions, particularly cerebrovascular diseases like stroke and vascular dementia, are preventable. These are the risk factors you can actively manage through lifestyle choices and medical treatment.
These factors are part of your biology or history and cannot be changed. However, knowing them helps you and your neurologist monitor your health more closely.
Neurological diseases can affect men and women differently, both in frequency and how symptoms present.
Your total risk for neurological disease is a combination of your lifestyle and your genetics.
If you have high blood pressure and diabetes, your vascular risk score is extremely high. This puts you in the danger zone for stroke and vascular dementia.
Talk to your doctor about a vascular screening or a carotid ultrasound if you have these risk factors. While you cannot change your genetics, managing your “vascular numbers” (blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol) is the most powerful tool for protecting your brain.
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Warning signs of neurological disorders can be subtle or sudden. Common early signs include persistent or severe headaches, muscle weakness, loss of sensation (numbness or tingling), and coordination problems like frequent stumbling. Emergency warning signs (specifically for stroke) include sudden confusion, trouble speaking, vision loss in one eye, or sudden weakness on one side of the body.
People with a history of vascular conditions, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol, are at the highest risk for conditions like stroke and vascular dementia. Additionally, age is a major factor; individuals over the age of 65 are at higher risk for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Those with a history of head trauma or traumatic brain injury (TBI) are also at elevated risk.
Yes, there are biological differences in how some neurological conditions present.
Men are slightly more likely to develop Parkinson’s Disease and cluster headaches.
The main lifestyle factors that damage the nervous system are similar to those that damage the heart. Smoking is a leading cause of stroke and aneurysms. Obesity and a sedentary lifestyle reduce blood flow to the brain, increasing the risk of dementia. Excessive alcohol consumption can also directly damage nerve tissue (neuropathy) and shrink brain volume over time.
Some neurological conditions are directly hereditary, meaning they are caused by a specific gene mutation passed down from parents (e.g., Huntington’s Disease or certain forms of Muscular Dystrophy). Other conditions, like Alzheimer’s Disease or Epilepsy, often have a genetic component, meaning if a direct family member has it, your risk is higher, but they are not guaranteed to be passed down.
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