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Urology treats urinary tract diseases in all genders and male reproductive issues, covering the kidneys, bladder, prostate, urethra, from infections to complex cancers.
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Urology is a distinct branch of medicine and surgery concerned with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders affecting the urinary tract system in both males and females, as well as the reproductive system in males. The urinary tract is the body’s drainage system for removing urine, which contains waste products and excess fluid. For normal urination to occur, all body parts in the urinary tract need to work together in the correct order. The organs covered under the umbrella of urology include the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, and the adrenal glands.
Unlike many other specialties that are strictly either medical (treated with drugs) or surgical (treated with operations), urology is a hybrid discipline. A urologist is trained to manage patients using a wide variety of non-surgical treatments, but they are also skilled surgeons who perform complex procedures. This scope includes the management of congenital abnormalities (birth defects), trauma, infection, and malignant diseases (cancer). Because the urinary and reproductive systems are closely linked, urologists often manage sexual health issues in men, including fertility and erectile function.
To understand urology, one must understand the anatomy it governs:
Given the complexity of these systems, urology has branched into several highly specialized fields:
Urological conditions can manifest in a variety of ways, ranging from mild discomfort to severe pain or visible physical changes. Because the urinary tract is vital for waste elimination, any disruption in its function typically produces noticeable symptoms. Recognizing these warning signs is critical for early intervention, particularly in cases of malignancy or obstruction where delays can lead to irreversible kidney damage.
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) are among the most common reasons patients seek urological care. These include:
The etiology of urological diseases is diverse, often involving a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.
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A precise urological diagnosis relies on a combination of functional testing, laboratory analysis, and advanced imaging. The diagnostic pathway often begins with non-invasive tests to screen for abnormalities, followed by more invasive procedures if necessary to visualize the urinary tract’s internal structures.
The assessment begins with a physical exam. For men, this typically includes a Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) to assess the size, texture, and consistency of the prostate gland. For women with incontinence, a pelvic exam helps assess for pelvic organ prolapse.
To understand how the bladder and urethra are functioning, urologists use urodynamic testing.
Urological treatments have evolved significantly, moving away from large open surgeries toward minimally invasive and robotic techniques. The goal is to treat the condition effectively while preserving organ function (such as continence and potency) and minimizing recovery time.
Many urological conditions are managed without surgery.
Urology is a pioneer in robotic surgery.
At Liv Hospital, our Urology Department is a center of excellence dedicated to providing world-class care for complex urological conditions. We combine the expertise of internationally renowned urologists with the most advanced surgical technology available. Our philosophy is rooted in a multidisciplinary approach, ensuring that every patient receives a comprehensive evaluation that considers not only the disease but also the individual’s quality of life.
We are leaders in robotic urologic surgery. Our operating theaters are equipped with the latest-generation da Vinci robotic systems, enabling our surgeons to perform complex procedures, such as nerve-sparing prostatectomies and partial nephrectomies, with unmatched precision. This technology translates directly to patient benefits: smaller incisions, significantly less blood loss, reduced pain, and a faster return to normal daily activities.
Our facility features a specialized Stone Center equipped with high-power Holmium lasers and digital flexible ureteroscopes, allowing us to treat even the most complex stones in a single session with high clearance rates. Additionally, our Men’s Health unit provides a private and supportive environment for addressing sensitive issues such as erectile dysfunction and male infertility, utilizing advanced microsurgical techniques for varicocele repair and sperm retrieval. We are committed to restoring both function and confidence.
Urology is the study of the urinary tract and male reproductive system. Urologists diagnose, treat, and manage related conditions, performing surgeries and prescribing medications.
UTIs, kidney stones, incontinence, BPH, cancers of kidneys/bladder/prostate/testicles, erectile dysfunction, and male infertility.
The main types include obstructive issues (like stones or enlarged prostate), functional issues (like incontinence or overactive bladder), and malignancies (cancers). Additionally, they treat congenital issues, addressing various types of defects in the urinary tract present from birth.
Blood in urine, painful urination, frequent urination, prostate issues, sexual dysfunction, or severe flank pain (possible kidney stones).
Urology is surgical, treating structural urinary and male reproductive issues. Nephrology is medical, focusing on kidney function and treating diseases with medications or dialysis.
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