Clinical Immunology focuses on the immune system’s health. Learn about the diagnosis and treatment of allergies, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiencies.
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Hashimoto thyroiditis often progresses slowly over many years. Because the symptoms are subtle and nonspecific, they are easily mistaken for normal aging or stress. The signs typically reflect a slowing down of bodily functions due to a lack of thyroid hormone.
Common early warning signs include:
While Hashimoto’s primarily causes hypothyroidism, the disease can present in different ways depending on the stage of the autoimmune attack.
If severe hypothyroidism is left untreated for a long time, it can lead to a rare, life-threatening condition called Myxedema Coma. This requires immediate emergency medical attention.
Call emergency services if a patient with known thyroid disease exhibits:
While you cannot change your genes, certain environmental factors can influence the development or progression of the disease.
The primary drivers of Hashimoto thyroiditis are biological and immutable.
Other Autoimmune Diseases: Having Type 1 Diabetes, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lupus, or Celiac disease raises the likelihood of developing Hashimoto’s.
Hormonal differences lead to distinct symptom profiles in men and women.
Your total risk is determined by the interplay between your genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers. If you have a family member with thyroid disease, you are already at a higher risk. Adding environmental stressors like excess iodine or severe infection can turn on the autoimmune response. Regular screening is vital for high-risk individuals.
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The main warning signs are fatigue, unexpected weight gain, sensitivity to cold, constipation, and dry skin. Mental symptoms like depression and brain fog are also very common early indicators.
Middle-aged women are at the highest risk. Individuals with a family history of thyroid problems or those who already have another autoimmune disease like Type 1 Diabetes or Lupus are also at significantly increased risk.
Yes. Women often present with menstrual irregularities and fertility problems. Men may experience sexual dysfunction, such as erectile dysfunction and low libido, along with general muscle weakness.
Consuming excessive amounts of iodine is a known lifestyle trigger. Vitamin D and Selenium deficiencies may also increase susceptibility. Exposure to environmental radiation is another potential risk factor.
Yes, Hashimoto thyroiditis has a strong hereditary component. It tends to cluster in families, and specific genes (like HLA complex genes) are linked to a higher susceptibility for developing the condition.
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