Neurology diagnoses and treats disorders of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, as well as thought and memory.
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Peripheral neuropathy is often a chronic, lifelong condition. While some forms can be reversed, many patients must learn to live with permanent sensory loss or pain. Long term care focuses on preventing secondary complications, such as amputations from infected ulcers and fractures from falls, while maintaining the highest possible quality of life.
The most serious risk for patients with sensory neuropathy is the development of foot ulcers. Because the patient cannot feel pain, a small blister or pebble in the shoe can cause a deep wound without being noticed. Infection can set in rapidly, leading to bone infection and potential amputation.
Long term care mandates a rigorous daily inspection routine. Patients must check the bottoms of their feet every day using a mirror. Professional nail care is recommended to prevent ingrown toenails or cuts. Shoes must be fitted properly and shaken out before wearing to check for foreign objects.
Sensory ataxia (loss of balance due to numbness) significantly increases the fall risk. Long term safety involves modifying the home environment. Loose rugs should be removed, and nightlights should be installed to assist with visual navigation in the dark.
Bathroom safety is paramount, as slippery surfaces are dangerous. Grab bars and shower chairs should be utilized. Patients are taught to look at their feet while walking to compensate for the lack of proprioception, using vision to guide their steps.
Adopting a nerve healthy lifestyle can slow progression. This includes strict avoidance of alcohol, which is neurotoxic. Smoking cessation is vital, as smoking constricts blood vessels, reducing oxygen supply to the already compromised nerves.
Diet plays a role as well. A diet rich in antioxidants, B vitamins, and omega 3 fatty acids supports nerve health. Maintaining a healthy weight reduces the physical stress on the feet and improves mobility. For diabetics, maintaining glucose levels within the target range is the most important lifestyle factor.
Living with invisible, chronic pain can be mentally exhausting. Depression and anxiety are common comorbidities in neuropathy patients. The pain often interferes with sleep, creating a cycle of fatigue and worsened pain perception.
Long term care includes addressing mental health. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for pain helps patients develop coping strategies. Mindfulness and relaxation techniques can reduce the stress that exacerbates neuropathic pain. Support groups connect patients with others facing similar challenges.
Neuropathy can progress over time, potentially moving from a sensory issue to a motor issue, or involving the autonomic system. Regular follow up with a neurologist is important to track changes. New symptoms, such as dizziness or difficulty swallowing, should be reported immediately.
Monitoring also involves checking for side effects of long term medications. Kidney function needs to be watched in patients taking Gabapentin or Lyrica. Vitamin B12 levels should be checked periodically, especially in patients taking Metformin for diabetes.
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You must check your feet every single day; make it part of your routine, like brushing your teeth, to look for any red spots, blisters, or cuts.
You should be extremely cautious. It is safer to see a medical podiatrist for nail care rather than a salon, to avoid cuts and infections that you might not feel.
Smoking shrinks the tiny blood vessels that feed your nerves; without enough blood and oxygen, the nerves die faster and cannot repair themselves.
This is why you must never walk barefoot. If you do step on something, clean it immediately, cover it, and see a doctor if it doesn’t show signs of healing within a day.
Yes, chronic pain and the loss of sleep often lead to depression. Treating the depression can actually help you cope better with the physical pain.
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