Pulmonology focuses on diagnosing and treating lung and airway conditions such as asthma, COPD, and pneumonia, as well as overall respiratory health.
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To diagnose a lung infection, doctors use a mix of physical exams, imaging tests, and lab work. Because the symptoms can look like other problems, such as heart failure or blood clots in the lungs, getting the diagnosis right is very important. At Liv Hospital, we use advanced tests to confirm the infection and find out exactly which germ is causing it. This helps us choose the best treatment and use antibiotics responsibly.
The diagnostic journey begins with the physician.
Imaging provides a visual confirmation of the infection and helps determine its extent.
Blood tests provide systemic evidence of infection and organ function.
Identifying the specific bug is the key to targeted therapy.
When non-invasive tests fail to provide a diagnosis, especially in immunocompromised patients or those who are deteriorating, invasive methods are needed.
Doctors use scoring systems such as CURB-65 or the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) to determine whether a patient can be treated at home or requires hospitalization. These scores take into account factors such as confusion, urea levels, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and age.
It is crucial to differentiate lung infections from other conditions that mimic them.
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The lungs are located in the back as well as the front of the chest; listening to the back allows the doctor to hear the lower lobes of the lungs, where fluid from infections often accumulates.
A good sputum culture requires mucus coughed up from deep in the lungs, which contains the pathogen, whereas spit is mostly saliva from the mouth and contains oral bacteria that can confuse the results.
If a chest X-ray is inconclusive or if complications like an abscess or cavity are suspected, a CT scan provides detailed 3D images to guide accurate diagnosis and treatment.
White blood cells are the body’s infection fighters; a high count usually indicates that the immune system is actively fighting a bacterial infection.
Doctors use severity scores (like CURB-65) that look at your confusion, blood pressure, breathing rate, and age to determine if it is safe for you to recover at home or if you need hospital care.
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