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IVF (In Vitro Fertilization)

Learn the basics of IVF, fertility concepts, and assisted reproduction definitions explained clearly.

IVF offers hope for couples facing infertility. Learn about the diagnosis, advanced techniques like ICSI and PGT, and the step-by-step treatment process.

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Overview and Definition

Where Science Meets the Miracle of Life

The journey to parenthood is often envisioned as a natural, effortless path. But for millions of couples worldwide, that path is interrupted by medical hurdles, biological clocks, or unexplained delays. Infertility is not a failure of will or a twist of fate; it is a medical condition of the reproductive system, and like any other medical condition, it deserves scientifically proven treatment.

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is the gold standard of reproductive medicine. It is the bridge that helps families cross the gap between “trying” and “conceiving.” At Liv Hospital, our IVF Center is more than a laboratory; it is a sanctuary of hope built on a foundation of rigorous science. We understand that by the time you reach us, you may have already endured months or years of disappointment. Our mission is to end that cycle. By combining Turkey’s world-renowned expertise in reproductive endocrinology with cutting-edge technologies like Embryoscope monitoring and Genetic Screening (PGT-A), we offer success rates that rival the top clinics in Europe and the US.

What is In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)?

The term “In Vitro” literally means “in glass.” It refers to the process where fertilization—the meeting of the egg and sperm—occurs outside the human body in a controlled laboratory environment.

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The Biological Mechanism

IVF

In a natural pregnancy, an egg is released from the ovary and meets sperm in the fallopian tube. If the tubes are blocked, the sperm count is low, or the egg quality is compromised, this meeting never happens.

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IVF bypasses these obstacles:

IVF

Stimulation: We use medication to encourage the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of just one.

Retrieval: These eggs are gently collected from the body under light sedation.

Fertilization: In our lab, our embryologists introduce sperm to the eggs. 

Culture: The resulting embryos are grown in incubators for 3–5 days until they reach the “Blastocyst” stage.

Transfer: The healthiest embryo is carefully placed back into the uterus to implant and grow.

Causes and Evaluation

Who Should Consider IVF Treatment?

IVF is not just for blocked tubes. It is a versatile solution for a wide range of fertility challenges. You should consider a consultation at Liv Hospital if you have been trying to conceive for 12 months (or 6 months if you are over 35) without success.

Common Indications Include:

  • Tubal Factor: Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes (often due to past infections or ectopic pregnancy).
  • Male Factor Infertility: Low sperm count, poor motility (movement), or abnormal morphology (shape).
  • Ovulation Disorders: Conditions like PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) where ovulation is irregular or absent.
  • Endometriosis: Tissue growing outside the uterus that causes inflammation and scarring, affecting egg quality and implantation.
  • Advanced Maternal Age: Women over 38 often have lower egg quality. IVF with genetic testing can help select the viable eggs.
  • Unexplained Infertility: When all standard tests (sperm, tubes, ovulation) are normal, but pregnancy still doesn’t occur. IVF can often reveal hidden issues with fertilization or embryo development.
  • Genetic Disease Prevention: Couples who carry genetic disorders (like Thalassemia or Cystic Fibrosis) use IVF with PGT-M to ensure their child does not inherit the disease.
IVF

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Assoc. Prof. MD. Miraç Özalp Liv Hospital Ulus Assoc. Prof. MD. Miraç Özalp Obstetrics and Gynecology Op. MD. Kübra Karakolcu Liv Hospital Ulus Op. MD. Kübra Karakolcu Obstetrics and Gynecology Op. MD. Selin Çetinkal Liv Hospital Ulus Op. MD. Selin Çetinkal IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) Op. MD. Seyfettin Özvural Liv Hospital Ulus Op. MD. Seyfettin Özvural Obstetrics and Gynecology Op. MD. Sibel Malkoç Liv Hospital Ulus Op. MD. Sibel Malkoç Obstetrics and Gynecology Prof. MD. Mustafa Alper Karalök Liv Hospital Ulus Prof. MD. Mustafa Alper Karalök Obstetrics and Gynecology Prof. MD. Ayhan Sucak Liv Hospital Ulus Prof. MD. Ayhan Sucak Obstetrics and Gynecology Prof. MD. K. Doğa Seçkin Liv Hospital Ulus Prof. MD. K. Doğa Seçkin IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) Assoc. Prof. MD. Gönül Özer Liv Hospital Vadistanbul Assoc. Prof. MD. Gönül Özer IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) Assoc. Prof. MD. Çağlar Çetin Liv Hospital Vadistanbul Assoc. Prof. MD. Çağlar Çetin IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) Op. MD. 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The "Liv Advantage"

In the world of IVF, the laboratory is the “engine room.” A skilled doctor can retrieve eggs, but it is the laboratory environment that determines whether those eggs become healthy babies. Liv Hospital invests in the absolute latest reproductive technology.

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Procedure Steps

Embryoscope (Continuous Monitoring)

Standard incubators require embryologists to remove the embryos daily to check their progress under a microscope. This disturbs the temperature and pH environment.

  • The Liv Way: We use the Embryoscope, an incubator with a built-in time-lapse camera. It takes a photo of your embryos every 10 minutes. We can watch a movie of their division without ever disturbing them. This allows us to select the absolute strongest embryo based on its timing of division, not just its look.

IMSI (Intracytoplasmic Morphologically Selected Sperm Injection)

For severe male factor infertility, standard magnification isn’t enough.

  • The Liv Way: We use a high-power microscope (6000x magnification vs. the standard 400x) to inspect the sperm head for tiny vacuoles (holes) or DNA damage. Only the most structurally perfect sperm is selected for injection.
IVF 2 scaled LIV Hospital

Treatment and Care

Success Rates

IVF

“Success” in IVF can be defined in many ways. At Liv Hospital, we focus on the Live Birth Rate, not just the positive pregnancy test.

While success depends heavily on the woman’s age and ovarian reserve, our cumulative success rates (after 3 cycles) are consistently high:

  • Women <35: ~60–70% pregnancy rate per transfer.
  • Women 35–37: ~50–60% pregnancy rate per transfer.
  • Women 38–40: ~35–45% pregnancy rate per transfer.
  • Women 41–42: ~20–25% pregnancy rate per transfer (significantly higher with PGT-A selection).

Note: These are statistical averages. Your personal prognosis will be determined after your evaluation.

A Holistic Approach

IVF

Infertility is stressful, and stress produces cortisol, a hormone that can negatively impact reproductive health. At Liv Hospital, we treat the whole person, not just the reproductive organs.

  • Fertility Counseling: Our psychologists specialize in the emotional rollercoaster of IVF, helping couples manage anxiety and expectations.
  • Nutritional Support: We provide diet plans rich in antioxidants to improve sperm and egg quality (mitochondrial health) before treatment begins.
  • Acupuncture: Some patients find that acupuncture before and after embryo transfer helps relax the uterus and improve blood flow, potentially aiding implantation.

Why Choose Turkey for IVF?

IVF

Turkey has become a global hub for fertility treatment, attracting thousands of couples from Europe, the UK, and the Middle East annually.

  1. Legal Framework: IVF in Turkey is tightly regulated by the Ministry of Health, ensuring high safety standards and ethical practices.
  2. High Volume Expertise: Turkish embryologists handle a massive volume of cases. This “high repetition” leads to exceptional manual dexterity and judgment, particularly in tricky cases like severe male infertility.
  3. Cost-Effectiveness: The cost of a full IVF cycle (including ICSI) in Turkey is often 50–60% lower than in the UK or US, allowing patients to afford multiple cycles or advanced add-ons like PGT-A without compromising on quality.
  4. No Wait Lists: Unlike many European public health systems, treatment at Liv Hospital can begin as soon as your next menstrual cycle starts.

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Assoc. Prof. MD. Miraç Özalp Liv Hospital Ulus Assoc. Prof. MD. Miraç Özalp Obstetrics and Gynecology Op. MD. Kübra Karakolcu Liv Hospital Ulus Op. MD. Kübra Karakolcu Obstetrics and Gynecology Op. MD. Selin Çetinkal Liv Hospital Ulus Op. MD. Selin Çetinkal IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) Op. MD. Seyfettin Özvural Liv Hospital Ulus Op. MD. Seyfettin Özvural Obstetrics and Gynecology Op. MD. Sibel Malkoç Liv Hospital Ulus Op. MD. Sibel Malkoç Obstetrics and Gynecology Prof. MD. Mustafa Alper Karalök Liv Hospital Ulus Prof. MD. Mustafa Alper Karalök Obstetrics and Gynecology Prof. MD. Ayhan Sucak Liv Hospital Ulus Prof. MD. Ayhan Sucak Obstetrics and Gynecology Prof. MD. K. Doğa Seçkin Liv Hospital Ulus Prof. MD. K. Doğa Seçkin IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) Assoc. Prof. MD. Gönül Özer Liv Hospital Vadistanbul Assoc. Prof. MD. Gönül Özer IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) Assoc. Prof. MD. Çağlar Çetin Liv Hospital Vadistanbul Assoc. Prof. MD. Çağlar Çetin IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) Op. MD. 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MD. Merve Akın Op. MD. Merve Akın Obstetrics and Gynecology Op. MD. Selda Atar Akal Op. MD. Selda Atar Akal Obstetrics and Gynecology Spec. MD. İrana Gorchiyeva Spec. MD. İrana Gorchiyeva IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) Op. MD. Faik Tamer Sözen Liv Hospital Ulus + Liv Hospital Vadistanbul Op. MD. Faik Tamer Sözen Obstetrics and Gynecology Asst. Prof. MD. Yusuf Başkıran Liv Hospital Bahçeşehir + Liv Hospital Topkapı Asst. Prof. MD. Yusuf Başkıran Obstetrics and Gynecology

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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Is IVF legal in Turkey for everyone?

Under Turkish law, IVF treatment is strictly limited to legally married couples. We cannot treat single women or unmarried couples. Additionally, Egg Donation, Sperm Donation, and Surrogacy are strictly prohibited. All treatments must use the couple’s own biological gametes.

Most of the process is painless. The daily hormone injections use tiny needles (like insulin pens) that cause minimal discomfort. The egg retrieval is performed under sedation (anesthesia), so you are asleep and feel nothing. You may experience some cramping or bloating for a day or two afterward.

IUI (Intrauterine Insemination) involves placing washed sperm into the uterus during ovulation. It is cheaper but has a much lower success rate (10–15%). IVF involves fertilization in the lab and has much higher success rates (40–60%). We usually recommend moving to IVF after 2–3 failed IUI cycles or immediately if tubes are blocked.

No. Gender selection for “family balancing” is illegal in Turkey. We can only screen for gender if there is a specific sex-linked genetic disease (like Hemophilia) that needs to be avoided.

A full IVF cycle typically requires a stay of 15–20 days.

  • Days 1–12: Stimulation and Monitoring.
  • Day 13–14: Egg Retrieval.
  • Day 16–19: Embryo Transfer.
  • Alternatively, you can start stimulation in your home country and come to Turkey for the final 7–10 days (Retrieval + Transfer).
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Asst. Prof. MD. Bülent Tekin Obstetrics and Gynecology

Asst. Prof. MD. Bülent Tekin

Liv Hospital Bahçeşehir
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Obstetrics and Gynecology

Asst. Prof. MD. Kübra Irmak

Liv Hospital Bahçeşehir
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Asst. Prof. MD. Yusuf Başkıran Obstetrics and Gynecology

Asst. Prof. MD. Yusuf Başkıran

Liv Hospital Bahçeşehir
Liv Hospital Topkapı
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Op. MD. Ayşe Bilgen Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Ayşe Bilgen

Liv Hospital Bahçeşehir
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Op. MD. Betül Averbek Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Betül Averbek

Liv Hospital Bahçeşehir
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Op. MD. Billur Küpelioglu Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Billur Küpelioglu

Liv Hospital Bahçeşehir
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Op. MD. Cansu Kaya Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Cansu Kaya

Liv Hospital Bahçeşehir
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Op. MD. Deniz Sarıkaya Kalkan Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Deniz Sarıkaya Kalkan

Liv Hospital Bahçeşehir
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Op. MD. Selda Akal Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Selda Akal

Liv Hospital Bahçeşehir
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Assoc. Prof. MD. Semra Yüksel Obstetrics and Gynecology

Assoc. Prof. MD. Semra Yüksel

Liv Hospital Topkapı
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Asst. Prof. MD. Serhat Şen Obstetrics and Gynecology

Asst. Prof. MD. Serhat Şen

Liv Hospital Topkapı
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Op. MD. Elif Uysal Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Elif Uysal

Liv Hospital Topkapı
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Op. MD. Haldun Celal Özben Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Haldun Celal Özben

Liv Hospital Topkapı
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Op. MD. Meltem Özben Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Meltem Özben

Liv Hospital Topkapı
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Prof. MD. İsmet Alkış Obstetrics and Gynecology

Prof. MD. İsmet Alkış

Liv Hospital Topkapı
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Assoc. Prof. MD. Ümit Yasemin Sert Dinç Obstetrics and Gynecology

Assoc. Prof. MD. Ümit Yasemin Sert Dinç

Liv Hospital Ankara
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Assoc. Prof. MD. Aytac Jafarzade Obstetrics and Gynecology

Assoc. Prof. MD. Aytac Jafarzade

Liv Hospital Ankara
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Assoc. Prof. MD. Nazlı Topfedaisi Obstetrics and Gynecology

Assoc. Prof. MD. Nazlı Topfedaisi

Liv Hospital Ankara
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Op. MD. Gökhan Kılıç Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Gökhan Kılıç

Liv Hospital Ankara
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Op. MD. Zeynep Ataman Yıldırım Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Zeynep Ataman Yıldırım

Liv Hospital Ankara
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Op. MD. Çetin Arık Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Çetin Arık

Liv Hospital Ankara
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Op. MD. Özge Şehirli Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Özge Şehirli

Liv Hospital Ankara
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Op. MD. Özgül Kafadar Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Özgül Kafadar

Liv Hospital Ankara
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Prof. MD. Mehmet Sinan Beksaç Obstetrics and Gynecology

Prof. MD. Mehmet Sinan Beksaç

Liv Hospital Ankara
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Prof. MD. Türkan Gülpınar Obstetrics and Gynecology

Prof. MD. Türkan Gülpınar

Liv Hospital Ankara
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Prof. MD. İbrahim Alanbay Obstetrics and Gynecology

Prof. MD. İbrahim Alanbay

Liv Hospital Ankara
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Assoc. Prof. MD. Ali Ovayolu Obstetrics and Gynecology

Assoc. Prof. MD. Ali Ovayolu

Liv Hospital Gaziantep
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Op. MD. Eda Deniz Atkın Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Eda Deniz Atkın

Liv Hospital Gaziantep
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Op. MD. Hatice Şahin Bıkmaz Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Hatice Şahin Bıkmaz

Liv Hospital Gaziantep
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Op. MD. Merve Evrensel Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Merve Evrensel

Liv Hospital Gaziantep
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Spec. MD. Ayça Bozoklar Nuh Obstetrics and Gynecology

Spec. MD. Ayça Bozoklar Nuh

Liv Hospital Gaziantep
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MD. Gamze Keleş Obstetrics and Gynecology

MD. Gamze Keleş

Liv Hospital Samsun
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Op. MD. Hilal Mürüvvet Bulut Aydemir Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Hilal Mürüvvet Bulut Aydemir

Liv Hospital Samsun
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Op. MD. Sami Şahin Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Sami Şahin

Liv Hospital Samsun
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Op. MD. Seher Sarı Kayalarlı Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Seher Sarı Kayalarlı

Liv Hospital Samsun
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MD. KAMRAN NAĞIYEV Obstetrics and Gynecology

MD. KAMRAN NAĞIYEV

Liv Bona Dea Hospital Bakü
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Spec. MD. AYNURE HEMIDOVA Obstetrics and Gynecology

Spec. MD. AYNURE HEMIDOVA

Liv Bona Dea Hospital Bakü
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Spec. MD. RAMİN QELENDEROV Obstetrics and Gynecology

Spec. MD. RAMİN QELENDEROV

Liv Bona Dea Hospital Bakü
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Spec. MD. SEVİNC SERDARLI IVF (In Vitro Fertilization)

Spec. MD. SEVİNC SERDARLI

Liv Bona Dea Hospital Bakü
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Spec. MD. İLHAME ELDAROVA IVF (In Vitro Fertilization)

Spec. MD. İLHAME ELDAROVA

Liv Bona Dea Hospital Bakü
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Spec. MD. İRANE QORÇİYEVA Obstetrics and Gynecology

Spec. MD. İRANE QORÇİYEVA

Liv Bona Dea Hospital Bakü
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MD. Kamran Naghiyev IVF (In Vitro Fertilization)

MD. Kamran Naghiyev

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Op. MD. Merve Akın Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Merve Akın

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Op. MD. Selda Atar Akal Obstetrics and Gynecology

Op. MD. Selda Atar Akal

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Spec. MD. İrana Gorchiyeva IVF (In Vitro Fertilization)

Spec. MD. İrana Gorchiyeva

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