Pulmonology focuses on diagnosing and treating lung and airway conditions such as asthma, COPD, and pneumonia, as well as overall respiratory health.
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The management of this chronic respiratory condition focuses on reducing symptoms, improving quality of life, increasing exercise tolerance, and preventing complications such as exacerbations and hospitalizations. While no cure regenerates lung tissue, effective management can significantly slow the progression of the disease. At Liv Hospital, treatment strategies are personalized based on the patient’s symptom burden, risk of exacerbations, and specific phenotype. We employ a stepped care approach, intensifying therapy as disease severity increases and integrating non-pharmacological interventions alongside medical treatment.
Smoking cessation is the single most effective and cost effective intervention to stop the progression of the disease. It is the only measure proven to slow the accelerated decline in lung function.
Bronchodilators are the cornerstone of pharmacological management. They work by relaxing the smooth muscles of the airways, helping open them and reducing air trapping.
Inhaled corticosteroids are anti-inflammatory medications used in specific patients. They are typically added to long-acting bronchodilators for patients with a history of frequent exacerbations or those with features of asthma overlap (high blood eosinophil counts).
For patients with severe chronic bronchitis and a history of frequent exacerbations, roflumilast may be used. This drug inhibits the enzyme phosphodiesterase 4, thereby reducing inflammation. It specifically targets the neutrophilic inflammation characteristic of the disease. It improves lung function and reduces exacerbations but can have side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, and weight loss.
Long-term oxygen therapy is indicated for patients with severe resting hypoxemia (low blood oxygen levels).
Pulmonary rehabilitation is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary intervention that is standard of care for symptomatic patients.
For select patients with advanced emphysema, surgical options may be considered.
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Maintenance inhalers help keep your airways open and reduce inflammation over the long term, preventing future flare-ups and slowing symptom worsening.
No, oxygen therapy does not make lungs lazy; it provides the essential oxygen your body needs to protect your heart and brain when your lungs can’t supply enough.
Pulmonary rehab strengthens your muscles and teaches you efficient breathing techniques, allowing you to do more daily activities with less shortness of breath.
Surgery cannot cure the disease, but procedures like lung volume reduction can remove the most severely damaged tissue, helping the remaining lung function better in some cases.
Continuous antibiotic use can lead to drug-resistant bacteria; they are usually reserved for treating active infections or for specific patients prone to frequent flare-ups.
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