Treatment and Management

Learn about pulmonology treatment strategies for chronic and acute respiratory conditions.

Explore advanced lung disease treatments at LIV Hospital. From non-surgical therapies to pediatric lung surgery recovery, we provide expert care.

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Reclaiming Your Breath

For years, the standard treatment for chronic lung diseases like COPD and Asthma was limited to inhalers and steroids. While these medications manage symptoms, they often fail to address the structural problems causing the breathlessness. Patients were told, “This is as good as it gets.”

At Liv Hospital, we reject that limitation. We have entered the era of Interventional Pulmonology—a cutting-edge field that sits between medical therapy and thoracic surgery. Using advanced endoscopic techniques, we can now mechanically repair airways, remove obstructions, and reduce lung volume without making a single incision on your chest.

Our Treatment and Management philosophy is holistic. We combine these high-tech interventions with personalized Biologic Therapies (Smart Drugs) and comprehensive Pulmonary Rehabilitation to restore not just your lungs, but your lifestyle. Whether you are an athlete with exercise-induced asthma or a senior struggling with emphysema, our goal is to help you breathe easier, sleep better, and live longer.

Interventional Treatments for COPD

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by air trapping. The damaged air sacs lose their elasticity, causing old air to get stuck inside. This turns the chest into a hyper-inflated balloon, leaving no room for fresh air.

Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction (BLVR)

  • This is a revolutionary, non-surgical alternative to “Lung Volume Reduction Surgery.”

    • Endobronchial Valves (Zephyr / Spiration):
      • The Concept: We identify the most damaged lobe of the lung (where air is trapped). Using a bronchoscope, we place 3–5 tiny, one-way valves into the airways leading to that lobe.
      • The Mechanism: These valves let trapped air out when you exhale but close when you inhale, stopping new air from entering.
      • The Result: Over a few weeks, the damaged lobe shrinks (atelectasis). This creates space in the chest cavity for the healthier lung tissue and diaphragm to expand and work efficiently.
      • The Impact: Clinical trials show significant improvements in lung function (FEV1), exercise capacity, and quality of life.

Endobronchial Coils

For patients who are not candidates for valves (due to “collateral ventilation” between lung lobes), we use Coils.

  • The Concept: Shape-memory metal coils are deployed into the airways. They spring back to their original shape, physically compressing the diseased lung tissue and tightening the airway network to prevent collapse during exhalation.

Advanced Asthma Management

When standard inhalers (corticosteroids/bronchodilators) are not enough to control asthma attacks, we escalate to precision medicine.

Biologic Therapies (Monoclonal Antibodies)

Severe asthma is often driven by specific immune pathways. We don’t just suppress the immune system; we target the specific trigger.

  • Anti-IgE (Omalizumab): For allergic asthma driven by dust, pollen, or pets. It binds to the allergy antibody (IgE) and stops the allergic reaction before it starts.
  • Anti-IL5 (Mepolizumab/Benralizumab): For “Eosinophilic Asthma.” It reduces the number of eosinophils (white blood cells) that cause airway inflammation.
  • The Benefit: These are monthly or bi-monthly injections that can drastically reduce the need for oral steroids (which have severe side effects like weight gain and bone loss).

Bronchial Thermoplasty

For patients with thickened airway muscles that spasm uncontrollably.

  • The Procedure: We insert a catheter with a thermal probe into the lungs via a bronchoscope.
  • The Treatment: Controlled radiofrequency energy (heat) is applied to the airway walls in three separate sessions (3 weeks apart).
  • The Mechanism: The heat reduces the mass of smooth muscle surrounding the airways. Less muscle means the airway cannot constrict (tighten) as severely during an attack.
  • The Outcome: Fewer emergency room visits and fewer days lost to asthma.

Lung Cancer Interventions

  • While oncologists treat the cancer cells, Interventional Pulmonologists manage the complications, such as blocked airways or fluid buildup.

    Airway Stenting and Debulking

    Tumors often grow into the main windpipe (trachea) or bronchi, causing suffocation.

    • Rigid Bronchoscopy: Under deep general anesthesia, we use a rigid metal tube to mechanically “core out” the tumor.
    • Laser / APC / Cryotherapy: We use laser beams or freezing probes to destroy the tumor tissue blocking the airway.
    • Stenting: Once the airway is open, we place a silicone or metallic stent (like a scaffold) to keep it propped open, allowing the patient to breathe freely while undergoing chemo or radiation.

    Indwelling Pleural Catheters (PleurX)

    For patients with “Malignant Pleural Effusion” (fluid recurring around the lung).

    • Old Way: Going to the hospital every week to get a needle drainage.
    • Liv Way: We place a small, soft tube under the skin that stays in place. The patient or family member can drain the fluid at home using vacuum bottles. This restores independence and keeps patients out of the hospital.

Sleep Apnea Solutions

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a mechanical problem: the throat collapses during sleep.

CPAP / BiPAP Therapy

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is the gold standard, but adherence is low if the mask doesn’t fit.

  • The Titration: In our Sleep Lab, we manually adjust the pressure levels to find the “Goldilocks” setting—just enough air to keep the throat open, but not so much that it is uncomfortable.
  • Mask Fitting: We offer a wide range of masks (nasal pillows, full face) to ensure comfort.

Oral Appliance Therapy

For mild-to-moderate apnea or patients who refuse CPAP.

  • The Device: A custom-made dental splint (Mandibular Advancement Device) that pushes the lower jaw forward slightly. This pulls the tongue away from the back of the throat, opening the airway.

Pulmonary Rehabilitation

Chronic lung disease leads to a vicious cycle: you get breathless, so you stop moving; you stop moving, so your muscles get weak; your muscles get weak, so you get breathless faster. Pulmonary Rehab breaks this cycle.

  • Exercise Training: Supervised treadmill and bike sessions to improve cardiovascular endurance and leg strength.
  • Breathing Techniques:
    • Pursed-Lip Breathing: Keeps airways open longer to release trapped air.
    • Diaphragmatic Breathing: Using the belly, not the chest, to breathe efficiently.
  • Energy Conservation: Learning how to shower, dress, and cook without running out of air.

Treatment of Pulmonary Infections

Liv Hospital is a reference center for complex respiratory infections.

  • Bronchiectasis Management: We use “Airway Clearance Vests” (high-frequency chest wall oscillation) and nebulized antibiotics to keep the widened airways free of mucus and bacteria.
  • Tuberculosis (TB): We have isolation rooms and expertise in managing Multidrug-Resistant TB (MDR-TB) utilizing strict WHO protocols.

Smoking Cessation: Medical Support

Quitting is the single most effective treatment for any lung disease. It is not just about willpower; it is about neurochemistry.

  • Pharmacotherapy: We prescribe medications like Varenicline (Champix) or Bupropion to block nicotine receptors in the brain, reducing cravings.
  • Replacement Therapy: Patches, gums, and lozenges to manage withdrawal.
  • Counseling: Behavioral strategies to break the psychological habit of smoking.

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Table of Contents

  • Overview and Definition
  • Symptoms and Causes
  • Diagnosis and Staging
  • Treatment Details
  • Medical Center

We're Here to Help.
Get in Touch.

Send us all your questions or requests, and our expert team will assist you.

Doctors

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

How do I use an inhaler correctly?

Always use a spacer if prescribed, shake the canister, exhale fully, seal your lips around the mouthpiece, press the canister once while inhaling slowly and deeply, and hold your breath for 10 seconds.

COPD cannot be cured or reversed, but treatment can manage symptoms, slow the progression of the disease, and improve quality of life significantly.

A rescue inhaler (usually albuterol) is a fast-acting medication used to quickly open airways during an asthma attack or sudden shortness of breath; it is not for daily control.

No, oxygen is not addictive. Your body needs it to survive, and using it as prescribed simply brings your blood oxygen levels into a healthy range.

You should clean the mask and tube daily with mild soap and water, and clean the humidifier chamber and filters weekly to prevent bacterial growth and infections.

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